虚用
原文
天地不仁，以万物为刍狗；圣人不仁，以百姓为刍狗。天地之间，其犹橐龠乎？虚而不屈，动而愈出。多言数穷，不如守中。
王弼注
天地不仁，以万物为刍狗；天地任自然，无为无造，万物自相治理，故不仁也。仁者必造立施化，有恩有为，造立施化则物失其真，有恩有为，列物不具存，物不具存，则不足以备载矣。地不为兽生刍，而兽食刍；不为人生狗，而人食狗。无为于万物而万物各适其所用，则莫不赡矣。若慧由己树，未足任也。圣人不仁，以百姓为刍狗。圣人与天地合其德，以百姓比刍狗也。天地之间，其犹橐龠乎？虚而不屈，动而愈出。橐，排橐也。龠，乐龠也。橐龠之中，空洞无情，无为故虚，而不得穷，屈动而不可竭尽也。天地之中，荡然任自然，故不可得而穷，犹若橐龠也。多言数穷，不如守中。愈为之则愈失之矣。物树其恶，事错其言，不济不言，不理必穷之数也。橐龠而守数中，则无穷尽，弃己任物，则莫不理。若橐龠有意于为声也，则不足以共吹者之求也。
英文 · James Legge
(The use of emptiness) Heaven and earth do not act from (the impulse of) any wish to be benevolent; they deal with all things as the dogs of grass are dealt with. The sages do not act from (any wish to be) benevolent; they deal with the people as the dogs of grass are dealt with. May not the space between heaven and earth be compared to a bellows? 'Tis emptied, yet it loses not its power; 'Tis moved again, and sends forth air the more. Much speech to swift exhaustion lead we see; Your inner being guard, and keep it free.